2024
A Narrative Review of Public Health Interventions for Childhood Obesity
Heerman W, Kenney E, Block J, Fiechtner L, McMahon E, Kruse L, Sharifi M, Edmondson E, Virudachalam S. A Narrative Review of Public Health Interventions for Childhood Obesity. Current Obesity Reports 2024, 13: 87-97. PMID: 38172483, DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00550-z.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsPublic health interventionsChildhood obesityHealth interventionsNutrition Assistance ProgramNarrative reviewChild weight statusChildhood obesity ratesScientific evidenceChildhood obesity epidemicCommunity-wide interventionsFederal nutrition assistance programsBest scientific evidenceEarly careCommunity-based programsObesity interventionsWeight statusHigh prevalencePhysical activityObesity epidemicCurrent evidenceObesityObesity ratesPopulation levelHealthy nutritionInterventionBlood Pressure Trajectories and Outcomes After Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Katsanos A, Joundi R, Palaiodimou L, Ahmed N, Kim J, Goyal N, Maier I, de Havenon A, Anadani M, Matusevicius M, Mistry E, Khatri P, Arthur A, Sarraj A, Yaghi S, Shoamanesh A, Catanese L, Psychogios M, Tsioufis K, Malhotra K, Spiotta A, Sandset E, Alexandrov A, Petersen N, Tsivgoulis G. Blood Pressure Trajectories and Outcomes After Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Hypertension 2024, 81: 629-635. PMID: 38164751, PMCID: PMC11289690, DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22164.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute ischemic strokeEndovascular thrombectomyIschemic strokeSBP trajectoriesOdds ratioSystolic blood pressure trajectoriesEarly neurological deteriorationSevere stroke syndromesVascular risk factorsBlood pressure valuesStudy of patientsBlood pressure trajectoriesTrajectory groupsMixed effects regression modelsStroke syndromeSuccessful recanalizationTotal patientsNeurological deteriorationAdjusted analysisIntracranial hemorrhagePotential confoundersRisk factorsCommon odds ratioHigh prevalenceSBP measurements
2023
RACIAL/ETHNIC AND MULTIMORBIDITY DIFFERENCES IN DEMENTIA ONSET AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS
Chen S, Nagel C, Botoseneanu A, Allore H, Newsom J, Thielke S, Kaye J, Quiñones A. RACIAL/ETHNIC AND MULTIMORBIDITY DIFFERENCES IN DEMENTIA ONSET AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS. Innovation In Aging 2023, 7: 747-747. PMCID: PMC10737488, DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad104.2416.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDementia onsetRace/ethnicityHigh riskOlder adultsModifiable risk factorsNon-Hispanic blacksCovariate-adjusted modelsContext of multimorbidityNon-Hispanic white respondentsNon-Hispanic White older adultsWhite older adultsRacial/EthnicMultimorbidity combinationsRisk factorsDiscrete-time survival modelsHigh prevalenceHigher oddsMultimorbidityWhite adultsDementiaMiddle AgedLater lifeAdultsSignificant differencesRiskPrevalence of undiagnosed dyslexia in African-American primary school children
Cassidy L, Reggio K, Shaywitz B, Shaywitz S. Prevalence of undiagnosed dyslexia in African-American primary school children. Npj Science Of Learning 2023, 8: 52. PMID: 38042888, PMCID: PMC10693615, DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00204-8.Peer-Reviewed Original Research1901. High Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in a Malaysian Prison
Zhang L, Shenoi S, Kamarulzaman A, Dhaliwal S, Ahmad A, Altice F. 1901. High Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in a Malaysian Prison. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023, 10: ofad500.1729. PMCID: PMC10677608, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1729.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLatent tuberculosis infectionPrevalence of LTBIRisk of LTBITB preventive therapyIndependent risk factorTuberculin skin testC-reactive proteinActive TBPreventive therapyTuberculosis infectionRisk factorsHigh prevalenceMultivariable logistic regressionOpioid use disorderRisk of hepatotoxicityChest X-rayDrug use historyPaucity of dataLTBI treatmentHCV infectionHepatitis CHepatitis BMedian ageBlood testsSkin testPrevalence of Phantom Scanning in Cardiac Arrest and Trauma Resuscitations: The Scary Truth
Boivin Z, Xu C, Doko D, Herbst M, She T. Prevalence of Phantom Scanning in Cardiac Arrest and Trauma Resuscitations: The Scary Truth. POCUS Journal 2023, 8: 217-222. PMID: 38099175, PMCID: PMC10721300, DOI: 10.24908/pocus.v8i2.16690.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCardiac arrestTrauma resuscitationEmergency department cardiac arrestRetrospective cohort studyT-testStudent's t-testCohort studySingle centerPhantom scanningHigh prevalencePOCUS examinationsCare ultrasoundResuscitationRun sheetsPatient careMedicolegal liabilityPrevalenceStudy periodArrestFurther researchPatientsCareSuicidal ideation, plan, and attempt among men who have sex with men in Nepal: Findings from a cross-sectional study
Paudel K, Gautam K, Bhandari P, Wickersham J, Dhakal M, Sharma S, Poudel K, Ha T, Shrestha R. Suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt among men who have sex with men in Nepal: Findings from a cross-sectional study. PLOS Global Public Health 2023, 3: e0002348. PMID: 37992034, PMCID: PMC10664887, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002348.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSuicidal ideationSuicidal behaviorRisk factorsDepressive symptomsMultivariable logistic regressionCross-sectional studyMental health problemsMiddle-income countriesSmoking habitsSevere food insecurityIndependent correlatesSuicide-related problemsYoung MSMHigh prevalenceLifetime prevalenceGeneral populationHealth problemsMSMLogistic regressionPrevalenceFood insecurityEarly assessmentRelated factorsMenIdeationFirst-episode psychosis and autism spectrum disorder: a scoping review and a guide to overcome diagnostic challenges
Ferrara M, Curtarello E, Simonelli G, Yoviene Sykes L, Fusar-Poli L, Folesani F, Belvederi Murri M, Aguglia E, Politi P, Grassi L. First-episode psychosis and autism spectrum disorder: a scoping review and a guide to overcome diagnostic challenges. International Journal Of Mental Health 2023, 53: 4-35. DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2023.2276872.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFirst-episode psychosisDifferential diagnosisFEP servicesDiagnostic challengeAutism spectrum disorderAdequate differential diagnosisUndiagnosed autism spectrum disorderComprehensive literature searchPRISMA-ScR guidelinesAdult patientsClinical presentationFunctional recoveryHigh prevalenceSpectrum disorderHigh riskPsychotic symptomsComorbid diagnosesSymptoms of autismSuicidal behaviorLiterature searchDiagnosisSymptomsSensory processingPerceptual abnormalitiesSeparate groupsHigh prevalence of low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin resistance among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: harbinger for metabolic syndrome?
Kisitu G, Shabanova V, Naiga F, Nakagwa M, Kekitiinwa A, Elyanu P, Paintsil E. High prevalence of low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin resistance among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: harbinger for metabolic syndrome? HIV Medicine 2023, 25: 262-275. PMID: 37879630, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13570.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInternational Diabetes FederationLow high-density lipoprotein cholesterolHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolPrevalence of MetSInsulin resistanceLipoprotein cholesterolMetabolic syndromeAdult Treatment Panel criteriaHomeostatic model assessment indexCross-sectional pilot studyFrequency of MetSModel assessment indexHOMA-IR indexOlder age groupsAge-dependent prevalenceAssociated health problemsATPIII criteriaCentral obesityBlood pressureDiabetes FederationPrimary outcomeClinical centersLifetime riskPanel criteriaHigh prevalenceImpact of COVID-19 lockdown on low birthweight in Soweto, South Africa
Drysdale R, Slemming W, Momberg D, Said-Mohamad R, Richter L. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on low birthweight in Soweto, South Africa. South African Medical Journal 2023, 113: 37-41. PMID: 37881911, DOI: 10.7196/samj.2023.v113i10.746.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow birthweightMother-infant pairsCase groupControl groupWeeks' gestationAntenatal health servicesAdverse birth outcomesMultivariable logistic regressionFear of motherCase-control designChild transmissionPreterm birthBirth outcomesPregnant womenBirth complicationsHigh prevalenceHigh riskAntenatal healthcareBirthweightEarly child developmentHealth servicesInfantsGestationLogistic regressionOnly infantsComprehensive dissection of prevalence rates, sex differences, and blood level-dependencies of clozapine-associated adverse drug reactions
van der Horst M, Meijer Y, de Boer N, Guloksuz S, Hasan A, Siskind D, Wagner E, consortium C, Müderrisoğlu A, Privat A, Bouhuis A, Hasan A, Jongkind A, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Santacana A, D'Agostino A, Ertugrul A, Yağcioğlu A, Crespo-Facorro B, Sanchez-Barbero B, Spuch C, Morgenroth C, de Pinedo C, Casetta C, Bousman C, Pantelis C, Ovejas-Catalán C, Garcia-Rizo C, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer C, Cohen D, Ristic D, Beld E, Repo-Tiihonen E, Wagner E, Jeger-Land E, Vilella E, Bekema E, Sepúlveda S, Seghi F, Wiedenmann F, Martini F, Serio F, Vairano F, Mercuriali G, Boido G, Yoca G, van Beek H, Gijsman H, Tuppurainen H, Everall I, Novakovic I, Zorrilla I, Erdoğan I, Sapienza J, Bogers J, Tiihonen J, Vázquez-Bourgon J, van Os J, Schneider-Thoma J, Luykx J, Grootens K, Mar-Barrutia L, Martorell L, Bak M, Spangaro M, de Vos M, de Koning M, Garriga M, Lähteenvuo M, Bosia M, van der Horst M, Babaoğlu M, Veereschild M, Manchia M, Edlinger M, Fuentes-Pérez P, Paribello P, Lopez-Pena P, Kahn R, Cavallaro R, Veerman S, Gutwinski S, Schreiter S, Ripke S, Baltanás T, Oviedo-Salcedo T, Hallikainen T, Görlitz T, Alink W, Ayhan Y, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer C, Luykx J. Comprehensive dissection of prevalence rates, sex differences, and blood level-dependencies of clozapine-associated adverse drug reactions. Psychiatry Research 2023, 330: 115539. PMID: 37988817, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115539.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdverse drug reactionsClinical factorsDrug reactionsPrevalence ratesCommon adverse drug reactionsWeight gainSignificant weight gainMulti-center studyImproved treatment outcomesClozapine blood levelsClozapine monotherapyClozapine treatmentLower BMIBlood levelsTreatment outcomesHigh prevalencePrevalenceMean numberYounger participantsSex differencesParticipantsTreatmentComprehensive dissectionConstipationHypersalivationCardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association
Ndumele C, Rangaswami J, Chow S, Neeland I, Tuttle K, Khan S, Coresh J, Mathew R, Baker-Smith C, Carnethon M, Despres J, Ho J, Joseph J, Kernan W, Khera A, Kosiborod M, Lekavich C, Lewis E, Lo K, Ozkan B, Palaniappan L, Patel S, Pencina M, Powell-Wiley T, Sperling L, Virani S, Wright J, Singh R, Elkind M, Association O. Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023, 148: 1606-1635. PMID: 37807924, DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001184.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetabolic risk factorsMetabolic healthMetabolic syndromeRisk factorsPresidential AdvisorySocial determinantsCardiovascular disease eventsChronic kidney diseaseAdverse social determinantsAmerican Heart AssociationSignificant clinical impactMetabolic stagingSubspecialty guidelinesCardiovascular mortalityCardioprotective effectsKidney functionKidney diseaseTherapeutic optionsHeart AssociationInterdisciplinary careCardiovascular diseaseClinical impactHigh prevalenceCare fragmentationCare modelCirculating Levels of Leptin and Lipocalin-2 in Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia
Simpson C, Santoro A, Carpenter T, Deng Y, Parziale S, Insogna K. Circulating Levels of Leptin and Lipocalin-2 in Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia. Journal Of The Endocrine Society 2023, 7: bvad116. PMID: 37860221, PMCID: PMC10583534, DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad116.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLipocalin-2Control subjectsGreater riskLevels of LCN2Excessive weight gainLevels of leptinSerum leptin levelsCirculating LevelsLCN2 levelsSerum levelsYear age cohortLeptin levelsMetabolic abnormalitiesRetrospective studyAge cohortsInsulin sensitivityHigh prevalencePatientsWeight gainXLHLeptinAge 2HypophosphatemiaObesityChildrenW27. POLYGENIC RISK SCORE AND HOUSEHOLD DEPRIVATION ARE RELATED TO INTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS IN YOUTH
Belangero S, De Oliveira A, Carvalho C, Ota V, Bugiga A, Pan P, Mauer J, Mari J, Santoro M, Miguel E, Hoffmann M, Salum G. W27. POLYGENIC RISK SCORE AND HOUSEHOLD DEPRIVATION ARE RELATED TO INTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS IN YOUTH. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2023, 75: s118-s119. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.08.217.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSingle nucleotide polymorphismsLinear mixed modelsMental disordersHigh Risk Cohort StudyInternalizing symptomsWell-Being AssessmentPotential biological markersParent reportGenome-wide association studiesSelf-report measuresTraumatic eventsCohort studyHigh prevalenceRisk scoreGene-environment interactionsPsychiatric disordersInternalizing psychopathologySignificant associationSymptomsBiological markersUnderlying causeHousehold deprivationScore studyInternalizing problemsEarly lifeRisk factors for suicide among veterans living with and without HIV: a nested case-control study
Smith A, Goulet J, Vlahov D, Justice A, Womack J. Risk factors for suicide among veterans living with and without HIV: a nested case-control study. AIDS And Behavior 2023, 28: 115-124. PMID: 37751112, PMCID: PMC11289766, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04164-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHIV-specific risk factorsVeterans Aging Cohort StudyCase-control studyRisk factorsRisk of suicideAging Cohort StudyDiagnosis of HIVMost risk factorsUse of benzodiazepinesConditional logistic regressionMental health treatmentSubstance use disordersPrevious suicide attemptsCohort studyHIV statusRates of suicideHigh prevalenceGeneral populationUse disordersHealth treatmentAffective disordersHIVSuicide attemptsLogistic regressionPWHCharacterization of long COVID temporal sub-phenotypes by distributed representation learning from electronic health record data: a cohort study
Dagliati A, Strasser Z, Abad Z, Klann J, Wagholikar K, Mesa R, Visweswaran S, Morris M, Luo Y, Henderson D, Samayamuthu M, Tan B, Verdy G, Omenn G, Xia Z, Bellazzi R, EHR T, Aaron J, Agapito G, Albayrak A, Albi G, Alessiani M, Alloni A, Amendola D, Angoulvant F, Anthony L, Aronow B, Ashraf F, Atz A, Avillach P, Azevedo P, Balshi J, Beaulieu-Jones B, Bell D, Bellasi A, Bellazzi R, Benoit V, Beraghi M, Bernal-Sobrino J, Bernaux M, Bey R, Bhatnagar S, Blanco-Martínez A, Bonzel C, Booth J, Bosari S, Bourgeois F, Bradford R, Brat G, Bréant S, Brown N, Bruno R, Bryant W, Bucalo M, Bucholz E, Burgun A, Cai T, Cannataro M, Carmona A, Caucheteux C, Champ J, Chen J, Chen K, Chiovato L, Chiudinelli L, Cho K, Cimino J, Colicchio T, Cormont S, Cossin S, Craig J, Cruz-Bermúdez J, Cruz-Rojo J, Dagliati A, Daniar M, Daniel C, Das P, Devkota B, Dionne A, Duan R, Dubiel J, DuVall S, Esteve L, Estiri H, Fan S, Follett R, Ganslandt T, Barrio N, Garmire L, Gehlenborg N, Getzen E, Geva A, Gradinger T, Gramfort A, Griffier R, Griffon N, Grisel O, Gutiérrez-Sacristán A, Han L, Hanauer D, Haverkamp C, Hazard D, He B, Henderson D, Hilka M, Ho Y, Holmes J, Hong C, Huling K, Hutch M, Issitt R, Jannot A, Jouhet V, Kavuluru R, Keller M, Kennedy C, Key D, Kirchoff K, Klann J, Kohane I, Krantz I, Kraska D, Krishnamurthy A, L'Yi S, Le T, Leblanc J, Lemaitre G, Lenert L, Leprovost D, Liu M, Loh N, Long Q, Lozano-Zahonero S, Luo Y, Lynch K, Mahmood S, Maidlow S, Makoudjou A, Malovini A, Mandl K, Mao C, Maram A, Martel P, Martins M, Marwaha J, Masino A, Mazzitelli M, Mensch A, Milano M, Minicucci M, Moal B, Ahooyi T, Moore J, Moraleda C, Morris J, Morris M, Moshal K, Mousavi S, Mowery D, Murad D, Murphy S, Naughton T, Neto C, Neuraz A, Newburger J, Ngiam K, Njoroge W, Norman J, Obeid J, Okoshi M, Olson K, Omenn G, Orlova N, Ostasiewski B, Palmer N, Paris N, Patel L, Pedrera-Jiménez M, Pfaff E, Pfaff A, Pillion D, Pizzimenti S, Prokosch H, Prudente R, Prunotto A, Quirós-González V, Ramoni R, Raskin M, Rieg S, Roig-Domínguez G, Rojo P, Rubio-Mayo P, Sacchi P, Sáez C, Salamanca E, Samayamuthu M, Sanchez-Pinto L, Sandrin A, Santhanam N, Santos J, Vidorreta F, Savino M, Schriver E, Schubert P, Schuettler J, Scudeller L, Sebire N, Serrano-Balazote P, Serre P, Serret-Larmande A, Shah M, Abad Z, Silvio D, Sliz P, Son J, Sonday C, South A, Spiridou A, Strasser Z, Tan A, Tan B, Tan B, Tanni S, Taylor D, Terriza-Torres A, Tibollo V, Tippmann P, Toh E, Torti C, Trecarichi E, Tseng Y, Vallejos A, Varoquaux G, Vella M, Verdy G, Vie J, Visweswaran S, Vitacca M, Wagholikar K, Waitman L, Wang X, Wassermann D, Weber G, Wolkewitz M, Wong S, Xia Z, Xiong X, Ye Y, Yehya N, Yuan W, Zambelli A, Zhang H, Zo¨ller D, Zuccaro V, Zucco C, Murphy S, Holmes J, Estiri H. Characterization of long COVID temporal sub-phenotypes by distributed representation learning from electronic health record data: a cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2023, 64: 102210. PMID: 37745021, PMCID: PMC10511779, DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102210.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchElectronic health record dataHealth record dataAdvancing Translational SciencesCohort studyNational InstituteMulti-center observational cohort studyHospitalized COVID-19 patientsObservational cohort studyPost-acute sequelaeRecord dataCOVID-19 patientsHealthcare systemLongitudinal electronic health record dataMedical Research CouncilTranslational scienceNational Medical Research CouncilPASC symptomsJoint painTotal cohortClinical characterizationHigh prevalenceMultiple symptomsNeurological disordersAverage prevalenceInfectious diseasesDo Children With Medicaid Insurance Have Increased Revision Rates 5 Years After Posterior Spinal Fusions?
Moore H, Patibandla S, McClung A, Grauer J, Sucato D, Wise C, Johnson M, Rathjen K, McIntosh A, Ramo B, Brooks J. Do Children With Medicaid Insurance Have Increased Revision Rates 5 Years After Posterior Spinal Fusions? Journal Of Pediatric Orthopaedics 2023, 43: 615-619. PMID: 37694695, DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002504.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosterior spinal fusionAdolescent idiopathic scoliosisMedicaid insurancePrivate insuranceRevision surgerySpinal fusionInternational ClassificationBaseline medical comorbiditiesKaplan-Meier analysisLog-rank testSegmental spinal instrumentationLong fusion constructsBaseline comorbiditiesIndependent t-testIndex surgeryMedical comorbiditiesPostoperative complicationsCause revisionCohort studyNinth RevisionAIS patientsRevision codesPrimary diagnosisHigh prevalenceMedicaid patientsMilitary Sexual Trauma and its Association with Mental Health Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Veterans in the United States
Webermann A, Merians A, Gross G, Portnoy G, Rosen M, Pietrzak R. Military Sexual Trauma and its Association with Mental Health Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Veterans in the United States. LGBT Health 2023, 10: s61-s69. PMID: 37754922, DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0074.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMental health symptomsMilitary sexual traumaHealth symptomsHeterosexual veteransCurrent drug use disordersCurrent mental health symptomsCurrent posttraumatic stress disorderMultivariable logistic regressionDrug use disordersPrevalence of MSTMilitary characteristicsSexual traumaPosttraumatic stress disorderRepresentative web-based surveyHigh prevalenceUse disordersU.S. veteransWeb-based surveySociodemographic characteristicsSymptomsBivariate analysisLogistic regressionStress disorderMental healthPrevalenceLife’s Essential 8 Optimizing Health in Older Adults
Kumar M, Orkaby A, Tighe C, Villareal D, Billingsley H, Nanna M, Kwak M, Rohant N, Patel S, Goyal P, Hummel S, Al-Malouf C, Kolimas A, Krishnaswami A, Rich M, Kirkpatrick J, Damluji A, Kuchel G, Forman D, Alexander K. Life’s Essential 8 Optimizing Health in Older Adults. JACC Advances 2023, 2: 100560. PMID: 37664644, PMCID: PMC10470487, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100560.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical cardiovascular diseaseOlder adultsPrevention targetsTraditional CVD risk factorsCVD-free survivalCVD risk factorsGoals of careAmerican Heart AssociationQuality of lifeGeriatric syndromesHeart AssociationRisk factorsCardiovascular diseaseHigh prevalenceCell exhaustionChronologic ageSleep healthOlder individualsMitochondrial dysfunctionStem cell exhaustionResult of advancesCellular senescenceAdultsPublic healthIntercellular communicationThe lncOb rs10487505 polymorphism impairs insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in children and adolescents with obesity
Umano G, Cirillo G, Sanchez G, Rondinelli G, Foderini M, Ferrara S, Di Sessa A, Marzuillo P, Papparella A, Santoro N, del Giudice E. The lncOb rs10487505 polymorphism impairs insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in children and adolescents with obesity. Obesity 2023, 31: 2359-2364. PMID: 37550829, DOI: 10.1002/oby.23835.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHomeostasis model assessmentInsulin resistanceDisposition indexLower whole-body insulin sensitivity indexModel assessmentWhole-body insulin sensitivity indexRisk of prediabetesHigher fasting insulinLower disposition indexPlasma leptin levelsInsulin sensitivity indexBMI z-scoreLeptin plasma levelsLeptin gene transcriptionFasting insulinGlucose toleranceLeptin levelsCC patientsRetrospective studyPlasma levelsAnthropometrical evaluationInsulin sensitivityHormone levelsHigh prevalenceHigh risk
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